As with CVs, there is no objectively correct way to structure cover letters. Some firms may set word or character limits, whilst others may simply ask you to attach a separate document. Cover letters for certain roles may also require a different emphasis. Before getting started, there’s no harm in doing a little research to gauge what is expected from you. However, a cover letter for an established graduate scheme at a large City firm should probably include an overview of your reasons for making the application and an insight into why you believe you are a suitable candidate. 

Bear in mind that making speculative applications for casual work experience can call for a very different technique than that required when making full-time job applications. For example, if you are applying for experience at a small high street firm, you will not necessarily need to spend ages distinguishing it from its competitors. However, do try to approach cover letters In this context with a focus on “what I can do for you” rather than “what you can do for me”.

Cover letters should be fairly concise (usually no more than a page) and well written, with a strong structure. After all, this may well provide the firm with its first impression of the standard of work that you’re able to deliver. To that end, using temporary headings whilst drafting your cover letter can help you to maintain a clear structure from the outset. 

With this in mind, below is a structure favoured by some (including me) for graduate scheme cover letters: